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Nord Stream Pipeline and its Meaning for European Gas Industry
Moravcová, Iveta ; Svoboda, Karel (advisor) ; Fischer, Jan (referee)
The bachelor's thesis lays emphasis on the North Stream pipeline and its consequences to European gas market. For this reason, first part of theses analyses its legislation and legal framework, including relevant historic elements. It also concerns to liberalization and infrastructure problems. This part enables reader to obtain reference scope and better understanding on legal and political influences related to gas industry. Second chapter provides market breakdown in accordance with registered values: it takes into consideration demand, consumption, supplies and new market trend elements. The most of its part describes import and suppliers relation that provides full view on the most important supplier Russia - fully dedicated in following chapter, which is necessary for understanding of Russia itself and it possibilities resulting also in its attitudes. The theses also deals with influence of Russian domestic consumption and planned supplies for Asia and EU, EU countries dependence on Russian's gas supplies, the 2006 and 2009 gas crisis between Russia and Ukraine and also relates to general causes and implications for EU countries energy security threat. The third part relates directly to the Nord Stream pipeline itself, to its history, Nord Stream consortium shareholders and especially to...
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Gazprom and the Economic Crisis in Europe
Mészáros, Peter ; Svoboda, Karel (advisor) ; Horák, Slavomír (referee)
Year 2008 marked a breakthrough in the development of the European gas market. The financial and economic crisis that spilled over from the United States caused a sharp decline in demand for natural gas. Supplies of liquefied natural gas destined for U.S. were diverted to Europe after the U.S. experienced an upsurge of shale gas extraction using the new hydraulic fracturing technology which allowed for natural gas self-sufficiency. During the same period the so-called Third Energy Package in the European Union was adopted in 2009. EU continued liberalization of its gas market and increased pressure on ownership unbundling in the gas industry. Gazprom's response to this new situation and its efforts to adapt are the research subject of this thesis. It is trying to figure out how successful Gazprom was between years 2008-2012 in applying its strategies. It also stands to verify hypothesis that Gazprom had underestimated the depth of the changes occurring and based its response on false assumptions. Hence it also evaluates whether its economic position deteriorated in the period examined. Included in the research is the fact that in these years the situation has also evolved in the domestic market in Russia. Gazprom has made efforts to build a stable profit base in Russia, but has struggled to do so.
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Institutions in natural gas trade between the European union and Russia
Švecová, Martina ; Svoboda, Karel (advisor) ; Lídl, Václav (referee)
The bachelor thesis aims to identify and comprehensively present institutions that enter in the natural gas trade relation between the European Union as an importer and the Russia Federation as a supplier. It analyses the objectives that were set, how these objectives were determined and seeks factors that influence the institutional development path. In the first part, the thesis introduces each actor of the cooperation separately - on the European Union side, it focuses on the construction of a coherent European common energy policy, while for Russia it explains the key role of energies in the redefined state policy strategy. In the second part, the author examines common EU-Russia energy institutions, primarily the Energy Dialogue, which was opened in 2000. Despite certain positive results reached in some areas of this cooperation framework, the progress is rather slow due to a significant difference in the two partners' perception of the policy path towards the mutually formulated goals. The last part specifies and discusses three factors forming the context of the EU-Russia gas trade and, finally, the case studies provide insight into actual events. It has been found that the energy relations are shaped by a noticeable mistrust between actors, which exists not only between the EU and Russia...
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Rusko-čínské ekonomické vztahy a jejich vliv na Rusko
Lapenko, Aleksei ; Žamberský, Pavel (advisor) ; Jedlinský, Jakub (referee)
The establishment of first diplomatic and economic relations between Russia and China has relatively short historical roots despite its geographic proximity. Nevertheless, the substantial growth of trade and investment cooperation between countries gained momentum in the modern time after the fall of the Soviet Union. The increased Russian production of oil and gas together with rise in its prices and rapid development of Chinese economy facilitated their economic interaction over the last decade. However, within last years, Russia faced with the external challenges in terms of slumping oil prices and geopolitical and economic isolation by the Western countries after the annexation of the Crimea peninsula. In this way, Russian government took a decision to make an Asian pivot towards the largest economy in the world - China and, thus, intensifying the already established economic ties. The further progress of Russian-Chinese partnership is going to be dependent on the implementation of the planned strategic initiatives and various external political and economic factors.
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Nord Stream Pipeline and its Meaning for European Gas Industry
Moravcová, Iveta ; Svoboda, Karel (advisor) ; Fischer, Jan (referee)
The bachelor's thesis lays emphasis on the North Stream pipeline and its consequences to European gas market. For this reason, first part of theses analyses its legislation and legal framework, including relevant historic elements. It also concerns to liberalization and infrastructure problems. This part enables reader to obtain reference scope and better understanding on legal and political influences related to gas industry. Second chapter provides market breakdown in accordance with registered values: it takes into consideration demand, consumption, supplies and new market trend elements. The most of its part describes import and suppliers relation that provides full view on the most important supplier Russia - fully dedicated in following chapter, which is necessary for understanding of Russia itself and it possibilities resulting also in its attitudes. The theses also deals with influence of Russian domestic consumption and planned supplies for Asia and EU, EU countries dependence on Russian's gas supplies, the 2006 and 2009 gas crisis between Russia and Ukraine and also relates to general causes and implications for EU countries energy security threat. The third part relates directly to the Nord Stream pipeline itself, to its history, Nord Stream consortium shareholders and especially to...
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Natural Gas in the Russo-Chinese Relations
Vařejková, Eliška ; Svoboda, Karel (advisor) ; Šír, Jan (referee)
The primary objective of the thesis is to analyse gas relations between the two neighbours - Russian Federation with abundant energy resources and energy-hungry People's Republic of China. First negotiations about possible gas supply from eastern Russia to China were already carried out in the middle of 1990s. However throughout the years parties were not able to agree on various conflicting issues which included an origin of supply, a delivery route, and a price formula. Therefore the final agreement between Russian Gazprom and Chinese National Petroleum Corporation was only signed almost twenty years later - in May 2014. According to the contract Gazprom will pipe natural gas from Russia's Far East to China throughout the yet-to-be-built Power of Siberia pipeline. The deal was estimated to be of $400 billion worth and it also prompted much commentary on possible Russian intent to turn East in connection with worsening relations with Western countries. The aim of this thesis is to analyse gas talks in given timeframe and to demonstrate that the agreement is a result of long-term negotiations based on maximisation of benefits rather than hasty decision based on current political situation. The thesis focuses on timeline of gas talks as well as on the conflicting issues.
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Geopolitical aspects of Russian energy policy toward the European Union
Seidlová, Alexandra ; Jelen, Libor (advisor) ; Vogt, David (referee)
The capacity of natural gas which is imported from Russia has a major part in the European energy mix. The over-dependency on Russian supplies invokes fears from potential dangerous geopolitical influence of Russia on states of the European Union (EU). The objective of this work is, by the method of critical recherché, to analyze principal geopolitical aspects than geoeconomical aspects of the Russian energy policy in stance to the EU and even to states in the region of Caspian Sea on the examples of the chosen European and Russian pipeline projects. The attention is also devoted on outer actors in the form of energetic companies, which enter in to Russian-European energy chess field. In the end of this work the possible diversification bases and the guess of the future development of energy policy is being discussed.
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Gazprom and the Economic Crisis in Europe
Mészáros, Peter ; Svoboda, Karel (advisor) ; Horák, Slavomír (referee)
Year 2008 marked a breakthrough in the development of the European gas market. The financial and economic crisis that spilled over from the United States caused a sharp decline in demand for natural gas. Supplies of liquefied natural gas destined for U.S. were diverted to Europe after the U.S. experienced an upsurge of shale gas extraction using the new hydraulic fracturing technology which allowed for natural gas self-sufficiency. During the same period the so-called Third Energy Package in the European Union was adopted in 2009. EU continued liberalization of its gas market and increased pressure on ownership unbundling in the gas industry. Gazprom's response to this new situation and its efforts to adapt are the research subject of this thesis. It is trying to figure out how successful Gazprom was between years 2008-2012 in applying its strategies. It also stands to verify hypothesis that Gazprom had underestimated the depth of the changes occurring and based its response on false assumptions. Hence it also evaluates whether its economic position deteriorated in the period examined. Included in the research is the fact that in these years the situation has also evolved in the domestic market in Russia. Gazprom has made efforts to build a stable profit base in Russia, but has struggled to do so.
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Expansion strategy of Russia's Gazprom into European market and European counteraction policy
Khayrullaev, Andrey ; Svoboda, Karel (advisor) ; Binhack, Petr (referee)
Author: Andrey Khayrullaev Title of the Thesis: EXPANSION STRATEGY OF RUSSIA'S GAZPROM INTO EUROPEAN MARKET AND EUROPEAN COUNTERACTION POLICY Year of defence: 2012 ABSTRACT In the period of globalization, energy security has substantial implications for the mutual security of supply and demand. It is dependent on several factors as security of supply, resilience and interdependence. As the result, multi-national corporations controlling wide energy resources are becoming more and more involved in the international politics - the situation when supplier is not just one of the contractual parities but "tool" for political pressure of its host state. Russian Gazprom, which operates on European natural gas market, is the vivid example of such situation. The research project is based on a deep review of relevant literature sources using the data analyzing, comparative analysis and the case study methods. The main research questions are the following: are European "fears" justified and what are the perspectives for Europe to decrease its dependency on Russian natural gas export? The main conclusions to be drawn from this study are that Europe has full grounds to be against growing dependence on Gazprom, taking into account Gazprom's involvement into politics, its aggressive actions directed toward prevention of...
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Analysis of the internal and external Gazprom's environment
Syraeva, Alfiya ; Velinov, Emil (advisor) ; Ananiev, Vasko (referee)
The subject of the bachelor work is gas giant Gazprom. The aim of the work is to improve the analysis of the internal and external environment of the company's management. Gazprom sees its mission in a safe, efficient and balanced supply of natural gas and other energy resources and their products. The strategic goal is to establish Gazprom as a leader among global energy companies by market diversification, security of supply, increase efficiency, the use of scientific and technological capacity. This work consists of an introduction, practical part, conclusion and bibliography. In the first chapter we studied the theoretical aspects of the analysis of external and internal environment of the company. The second Section is devoted to analysis of the external and internal environment of the company Gazprom. In the third chapter, develop recommendations for improving the analysis of the external and internal environment management organization.
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